Migrated composites to the 12c version are unable to be edited, even with the <?binding.jca dbAdapter_db.jca> fix. The adapter is also showing a red cross mark.
Solution:
The solution is provided in this Oracle community post:
Open .jca file for JMS adapter and change from adapter="JMS Adapter" to adapter="jms" . If you use database adapter as well , then change from adapter="Database Adapter" to adapter="db". ( ... adapter="File Adapter" to adapter="file")
The adapter is now able to be edited normally.